IntroductionSodium hydroxide, commonly known as caustic soda, is a fundamental chemical used extensively across various industries, including chemical manufacturing, pulp and paper production, textiles, and water treatment. Accurate measurement of its concentration in solutions is crucial for qualit

IntroductionAccurately determining the alcohol content in liquids is essential across various industries, including beverage production, pharmaceuticals, and chemical manufacturing. The alcohol concentration not only affects the quality and taste of products but also has significant legal and safety

IntroductionIn the realm of battery maintenance and diagnostics, accurate measurement of battery acid concentration is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and longevity. Traditionally, hydrometers have been the go-to instrument for this purpose. However, the advent of refractometers has introdu